February 28, 1948: Understanding its significance 77 years on (Ghana)
Sergeant Adjetey, Corporal Attipoe, and Private Odartey are names deeply etched into the memories of most Ghanaians. These ex-servicemen fought for the British in World War II but were killed while attempting to present a petition on unpaid benefits to the colonial government on February 28, 1948. Their deaths triggered a chain of events that many believe ultimately led to Ghana’s independence.
Seventy-seven years later, it is worth reflecting on who these men were, what led to their deaths, and whether their sacrifice truly played a pivotal role in Ghana’s independence just nine years later.
When discussions about the 1948 riots arise, one key figure often goes unmentioned—Nii Kwabena Bonne.
By late 1947, the cost of living in Accra had risen sharply. Many blamed foreign traders, particularly European, Indian, and Lebanese firms, accusing them of unjustifiably inflating prices. In response, Nii Kwabena Bonne, a Ga chief and merchant, organized a boycott of these firms, set to run from January 26 to February 28, 1948. There was an agreement that the overall gross profit margin of goods not subject to price control would be reduced by 50–75%.
Meanwhile, ex-servicemen who had fought for the British were struggling to survive after returning home. Promised fair pay and improved livelihoods, they instead received little to nothing. Frustrated, they formed the Ex-Servicemen’s Union to lobby the colonial government for better support. Feeling unheard, they organized rallies attended by key members of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC), including J.B. Danquah, Ako Adjei, and Kwame Nkrumah.
Their dissatisfaction culminated in a planned march to Christiansborg (Osu) Castle to present their petition to the governor of the Gold Coast. The procession began in an orderly manner on the afternoon of February 28, with the ex-servicemen singing old war songs.
As the march progressed, more supporters and spectators joined, swelling the crowd until they reached the crossroads leading to Osu Castle.
Photo Credit: Joy online
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